Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025)

Articles

Applications and Innovations of Nano-Bio Materials in Targeted Drug Delivery: From Mechanisms to Clinical Translations

Published 2025-07-28

  • James O’Connor

James O’Connor
Senior Research Scientist, School of Pharmacy, University College London (UCL), London, UK

Abstract

Nano-bio convergence has emerged as a transformative field in targeted drug delivery, addressing critical limitations of traditional therapeutics such as poor solubility, non-specific tissue accumulation, and systemic toxicity. This review focuses on the design principles, working mechanisms, and recent innovations of nano-bio materials (including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks, and exosomes) in targeted drug delivery systems (TDDS). We discuss how surface modification (e.g., ligand conjugation, PEGylation) enhances biocompatibility and targeting efficiency, and analyze in vitro/in vivo studies demonstrating improved drug efficacy in treating cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and infectious diseases. Additionally, challenges in scale-up production, regulatory approval, and long-term safety are examined, along with future directions for integrating artificial intelligence and 3D bioprinting into TDDS development. This work provides a comprehensive overview of nano-bio convergence in drug delivery, offering insights for researchers and clinicians to advance translational applications.

Keywords

Nano-bio convergence; Targeted drug delivery; Nano-bio materials; Surface modification; Translational medicine; Drug efficacy; Biocompatibility

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