Title
The title should not exceed 20 words. Authors are encouraged to keep their titles succinct and relevant. Titles should avoid using uncommon jargon, abbreviations, and punctuation.
Abstract
The abstract should be kept to a maximum of 300 words. It reports concisely on the main findings of the research. To this end, the abstract is structured in Background, Methods, Results and Conclusions, and Significance. Kindly ensure the abstract is self-contained and remains readable to a wider audience. For this reason, references are not allowed.
Keywords
Authors should also include 3-8 keywords after the abstract, separated by a semi-colon, avoiding the words already used in the title of the article.
Search for keywords in different academic journals and databases, and check if the search results include articles similar to the research topic. If not, the keywords are not commonly used in that field, and should be changed until search results encompass articles similar to the research topic.
Title, abstract, and keywords are very important for an article, which will be used for indexing purposes, so please be concise, clear, and attractive.
Section Headings
Section headings, sub-headings, and sub-subheadings should be differentiated by number. Please number the section headings (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, etc.) in boldface. Likewise, use boldface to identify subheadings too, but please distinguish them from major headings using numbers (e.g., 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, etc.).
Introduction
This section usually uses the method of literature review to outline the background, current status, and unresolved problems of the field, thus highlighting the reasons and significance of the research, etc.
Materials and Methods
In this section, the methods used to obtain the results in the paper should be clearly elucidated. This allows readers to be able to replicate the study in the future. Authors should ensure that any references made to other research or experiments should be clearly cited.
Results
In this section, the results of the experiments conducted should be detailed. The results should not be discussed at length in this section.
Discussion
In this section, the results of the experiments conducted can be discussed in detail. Authors should discuss the direct and indirect implications of their findings, and also discuss if the results obtained reflect the current state of research in the field. Applications for the research should be discussed in this section. Suggestions for future research can also be discussed in this section. It should not be redundant or similar to the content of the results section. A combined Results and Discussion section is often appropriate.
Conclusions
This section offers closure for the paper. An effective conclusion will need to sum up the principal findings of the papers, highlighting its importance and relevance, and its implications for further research.
Author Contributions
If there is more than one author for a paper, it is required to reflect the role(s) that each author played in the writing process. To do so, authors should prepare a brief paragraph that specifies their individual contributions. This section aims to confirm that each author has made a significant contribution to the article. In the case of a single author, there is no need to add author contributions.
Funding
Please add: "This research received no external funding" or "This research was funded by NAME OF FUNDER, grant number XXX". Check carefully that the details given are accurate and use the standard spelling of funding agency names at https://search.crossref.org/funding. Any errors may affect your future funding.
Acknowledgements
In this section, you can acknowledge any support given which is not covered by the author contribution or funding sections. This may include administrative and technical support, or donations in kind (e.g., materials used for experiments).
Data Availability
Authors should state where data supporting the results reported in a published article can be found, and under what conditions the data can be accessed. They also include links (where applicable) to the data set.
Conflict of Interest
Declaration of conflict of interest. All conflict of interest needs to be disclosed. If authors have nothing to declare are encouraged to add "The authors disclosed no conflict of interest." in this section.
References
In-text citations
For parts of the manuscript that have referenced a particular source, a superscript (ie. [x]) should be included next to the referenced text and should be in the Vancouver style [numeric], not Harvard style [name and year]. Kindly note that all references should be numbered consecutively in the order of their first citation, and the serial number is not to be used instead of the content of the sentence.
e.g.:
About 80% of Ethiopia's foreign exchange is derived from agricultural exports [1].
Fabio [2] studied both technical and scale...
Reference list, placed at the end of the main manuscript.
[x] refers to the allocated number of the source under the Reference List (e.g., [1], [2], [3])
e.g.:
Journals:
[1] Singh, S., Nayak, S., 2020. Development of sustainable livelihood security index for different agro-climatic zones of Uttar Pradesh, India. Journal Of Rural Development. 39(1), 110-129. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25175/jrd/2020/v39/i1/125991
[2] Mondal, B., Singh, A., Singh, S.D., et al., 2017. Augmentation of water resources potential and cropping intensification through watershed programs. Water Environment Research. 90(2), 101-109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2175/106143017X1490296 8254700
Books:
[3]Zotz, G., 2016. Plants on plants: the biology of vascular epiphytes, 1st ed.; Springer International Publishing: Switzerland. pp. 1–282.
Online publishing:
[4] Lewis, D., Mertens, K., Stock, J., 2020. Weekly Economic Index. Retrieved from FRED, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/WEI. (Accessed 26 May 2020).
